How scientist develops vaccine? How does vaccine work? Why is it taking long time to develop?

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◆ How scientist develops vaccine and how vaccine works?

Covid19vaccine

● First of all they take a pathogen such as virus or bacteria then they weaken it so it no longer makes us sick the result is known as an antigen and forms the core of the vaccine.

When we're injected with the antigen then our immune system response by producing antibodies against this antigen.

Antibody is a protein present in our plasma this proteins fight with germs naturally so when we're exposed to real germ in future then our body recognize it and destroy it quickly before it makes us sick.

This is traditional method to develop a vaccine. Now many scientist develop RNA based vaccine and use plasma therapy to treat patient.

In RNA based vaccine we enter RNA in cell they form protein which is similar to antigen of virus and then our immune system produce antibodies against this protein.

In plasma therapy we take plasma from a person who overcome and cure from virus because his body already produced antibody we collect plasma and insert into the patient to treat.

 ◆ Why is COVID-19 vaccine taking so long time to develop?

● It's new virus to all so scientist need time to identify and study the virus.

● Many virus can develop mutation in their genome for example HIV can develop fast mutation that's why till now there is no treatment of AIDS. Similarly COVID-19 can develop mutation. There is two mutated strain discover yet which makes much harder to identify.

● All vaccines take long time to develop because they must be rigorously tested to make sure they are effective and lead to dangerous side effects.
Dozens of teams around the world are researching now.

● Many vaccine trails do on animals but this vaccine is testing on human.
There are many several issues involved in the setting up of trails. In order to start a clinical trial a vaccine first pass to safety medical examinations & testing procedures.

● Nowadays approx whole world is suffering from this disease so demand of vaccine is in higher. It take time to produce bulk of vaccine.

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